در زیر با لیست کامل پورت ها و نرم افزارهای استفاده کننده از این پورتها آشنا خواهید شد
در زیر لیستی از شماره پورت سوکت اینترنت استفاده شده توسط پروتکل های لایه حمل و نقل از مجموعه پروتکل اینترنت برای برقراری اتصال به میزبان به میزبان است .
در اصل، این شماره پورت توسط برنامه کنترل شبکه ( NCP ) مورد استفاده قرار گرفت وبرای انتقال اطلاعات نیاز به پورت خاصی می باشد. از زمانی که پروتکل کنترل انتقال ( TCP ) و پروتکل دادهای کاربر ( UDP ) به تصویب رسید ، به راحتی امکان دریافت و انتقال اطلاعات آسان شد.تمامی این پورتها توسط ( IANA ) ثبت می گردد که مسئول حفظ و ثبت رسمی شماره پورت برای استفاده های خاص می باشد. با این حال برخی از پورتها خارج از ثبت و به صورت غیر رسمی می باشند که در جدول زیر مشاهده خواهید کرد.
پورتهای شناخته شده
شماره پورت در محدوده 0-1023 پورت شناخته شده است.که در یک سیستم عامل شبه یونیکس و فرآیند های سیستم وخدمات شبکه با اتصال به یک آدرس IP با استفاده از یکی از پورت ها به خوبی می توان به سرویس مورد نظر دسترسی داشت.
|
پورت |
TCP |
UDP |
سرویس دهنده |
وضعیت |
| 0 | TCP | Programming technique for specifying system-allocated (dynamic) ports | غیر رسمی | |
| 0 | UDP | Reserved | رسمی | |
| 1 | TCP | UDP | TCP Port Service Multiplexer (TCPMUX) | رسمی |
| 2 | TCP | UDP | CompressNET Management Utility | رسمی |
| 3 | TCP | UDP | CompressNET Compression Process | رسمی |
| 4 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 5 | TCP | UDP | Remote Job Entry | رسمی |
| 7 | TCP | UDP | Echo Protocol | رسمی |
| 8 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 9 | TCP | UDP | Discard Protocol | رسمی |
| 9 | UDP | Wake-on-LAN | غیر رسمی | |
| 10 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 11 | TCP | UDP | Active Users (systat service) | رسمی |
| 12 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 13 | TCP | UDP | Daytime Protocol (RFC 867) | رسمی |
| 14 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 15 | TCP | UDP | Previously netstat service | غیر رسمی |
| 16 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 17 | TCP | UDP | Quote of the Day | رسمی |
| 18 | TCP | UDP | Message Send Protocol | رسمی |
| 19 | TCP | UDP | Character Generator Protocol (CHARGEN) | رسمی |
| 20 | TCP | UDP | FTP data transfer | رسمی |
| 21 | TCP | FTP control (command) | رسمی | |
| 22 | TCP | UDP | Secure Shell (SSH) — used for secure logins, file transfers (scp, sftp) and port forwarding | رسمی |
| 23 | TCP | UDP | Telnet protocol—unencrypted text communications | رسمی |
| 24 | TCP | UDP | Priv-mail : any private mail system. | رسمی |
| 25 | TCP | Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP)—used for e-mail routing between mail servers | رسمی | |
| 26 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 27 | TCP | UDP | NSW User System FE | رسمی |
| 29 | TCP | UDP | MSG ICP | رسمی |
| 33 | TCP | UDP | Display Support Protocol | رسمی |
| 35 | TCP | UDP | Any private printer server protocol | رسمی |
| 37 | TCP | UDP | TIME protocol | رسمی |
| 39 | TCP | UDP | Resource Location Protocol (RLP)—used for determining the location of higher level services from hosts on a network | رسمی |
| 40 | TCP | UDP | Unassigned | رسمی |
| 42 | TCP | UDP | ARPA Host Name Server Protocol | رسمی |
| 42 | TCP | UDP | Windows Internet Name Service | غیر رسمی |
| 43 | TCP | WHOIS protocol | رسمی | |
| 47 | TCP | UDP | NI FTP | رسمی |
| 49 | TCP | UDP | TACACS Login Host protocol | رسمی |
| 50 | TCP | UDP | Remote Mail Checking Protocol | رسمی |
| 51 | TCP | UDP | IMP Logical Address Maintenance | رسمی |
| 52 | TCP | UDP | XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Time Protocol | رسمی |
| 53 | TCP | UDP | Domain Name System (DNS) | رسمی |
| 54 | TCP | UDP | XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Clearinghouse | رسمی |
| 55 | TCP | UDP | ISI Graphics Language (ISI-GL) | رسمی |
| 56 | TCP | UDP | XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Authentication | رسمی |
| 56 | TCP | UDP | Route Access Protocol (RAP) | غیر رسمی |
| 57 | TCP | Mail Transfer Protocol (RFC 780) | رسمی | |
| 58 | TCP | UDP | XNS (Xerox Network Systems) Mail | رسمی |
| 64 | TCP | UDP | CI (Travelport) (formerly Covia) Comms Integrator | رسمی |
| 67 | UDP | Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Server; also used by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) | رسمی | |
| 68 | UDP | Bootstrap Protocol (BOOTP) Client; also used by Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) | رسمی | |
| 69 | UDP | Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP) | رسمی | |
| 70 | TCP | Gopher protocol | رسمی | |
| 71 | TCP | NETRJS protocol | رسمی | |
| 72 | TCP | NETRJS protocol | رسمی | |
| 73 | TCP | NETRJS protocol | رسمی | |
| 74 | TCP | NETRJS protocol | رسمی | |
| 77 | TCP | UDP | Any private Remote Job Entry | رسمی |
| 79 | TCP | Finger protocol | رسمی | |
| 80 | TCP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) | رسمی | |
| 81 | TCP | Torpark—Onion routing | غیر رسمی | |
| 82 | UDP | Torpark—Control | غیر رسمی | |
| 88 | TCP | UDP | Kerberos—authentication system | رسمی |
| 90 | TCP | UDP | dnsix (DoD Network Security for Information Exchange) Securit Attribute Token Map | رسمی |
| 90 | TCP | UDP | PointCast (dotcom) | غیر رسمی |
| 99 | TCP | WIP Message protocol | غیر رسمی | |
| 100 | UDP | CyberGate RAT protocol | غیر رسمی | |
| 101 | TCP | NIC host name | رسمی | |
| 102 | TCP | ISO-TSAP (Transport Service Access Point) Class 0 protocol; also used by Digital Equipment Corporation DECnet (Phase V+) over TCP/IP | رسمی | |
| 104 | TCP | UDP | ACR/NEMA Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) | رسمی |
| 105 | TCP | UDP | CCSO Nameserver Protocol (Qi/Ph) | رسمی |
| 107 | TCP | Remote TELNET Service protocol | رسمی | |
| 108 | TCP | UDP | SNA Gateway Access Server | رسمی |
| 109 | TCP | Post Office Protocol v2 (POP2) | رسمی | |
| 110 | TCP | Post Office Protocol v3 (POP3) | رسمی | |
| 111 | TCP | UDP | ONC RPC (Sun RPC) | رسمی |
| 113 | TCP | Ident—Authentication Service/Identification Protocol, used by IRC servers to identify users | رسمی | |
| 113 | UDP | Authentication Service (auth) | رسمی | |
| 115 | TCP | Simple File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) | رسمی | |
| 117 | STD | UUCP Path Service | رسمی | |
| 118 | TCP | UDP | SQL (Structured Query Language) Services | رسمی |
| 119 | TCP | Network News Transfer Protocol (NNTP)—retrieval of newsgroup messages | رسمی | |
| 123 | UDP | Network Time Protocol (NTP)—used for time synchronization | رسمی | |
| 126 | TCP | UDP | Formerly Unisys Unitary Login, renamed by Unisys to NXEdit. Used by Unisys Programmer’s Workbench for Clearpath MCP, an IDE for Unisys MCP software development | رسمی |
| 135 | TCP | UDP | DCE endpoint resolution | رسمی |
| 135 | TCP | UDP | Microsoft EPMAP (End Point Mapper), also known as DCE/RPC Locator service, used to remotely manage services including DHCP server, DNS server and WINS. Also used by DCOM | غیر رسمی |
| 137 | TCP | UDP | NetBIOS NetBIOS Name Service | رسمی |
| 138 | TCP | UDP | NetBIOS NetBIOS Datagram Service | رسمی |
| 139 | TCP | UDP | NetBIOS NetBIOS Session Service | رسمی |
| 143 | TCP | Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP)—management of email messages | رسمی | |
| 152 | TCP | UDP | Background File Transfer Program (BFTP) | رسمی |
| 153 | TCP | UDP | SGMP, Simple Gateway Monitoring Protocol | رسمی |
| 156 | TCP | UDP | SQL Service | رسمی |
| 158 | TCP | UDP | DMSP, Distributed Mail Service Protocol | غیر رسمی |
| 161 | UDP | Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) | رسمی | |
| 162 | TCP | UDP | Simple Network Management Protocol Trap (SNMPTRAP) | رسمی |
| 170 | TCP | Print-srv, Network PostScript | رسمی | |
| 175 | TCP | VMNET (IBM z/VM, z/OS & z/VSE – Network Job Entry(NJE)) | رسمی | |
| 177 | TCP | UDP | X Display Manager Control Protocol (XDMCP) | رسمی |
| 179 | TCP | BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) | رسمی | |
| 194 | TCP | UDP | Internet Relay Chat (IRC) | رسمی |
| 199 | TCP | UDP | SMUX, SNMP Unix Multiplexer | رسمی |
| 201 | TCP | UDP | AppleTalk Routing Maintenance | رسمی |
| 209 | TCP | UDP | The Quick Mail Transfer Protocol | رسمی |
| 210 | TCP | UDP | ANSI Z39.50 | رسمی |
| 213 | TCP | UDP | Internetwork Packet Exchange (IPX) | رسمی |
| 218 | TCP | UDP | Message posting protocol (MPP) | رسمی |
| 220 | TCP | UDP | Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP), version 3 | رسمی |
| 259 | TCP | UDP | ESRO, Efficient Short Remote Operations | رسمی |
| 264 | TCP | UDP | BGMP, Border Gateway Multicast Protocol | رسمی |
| 280 | TCP | UDP | http-mgmt | رسمی |
| 300 | TCP | ThinLinc Web Access | غیر رسمی | |
| 308 | TCP | Novastor Online Backup | رسمی | |
| 311 | TCP | Mac OS X Server Admin (officially AppleShare IP Web administration) | رسمی | |
| 318 | TCP | UDP | PKIX TSP, Time Stamp Protocol | رسمی |
| 319 | UDP | Precision time protocol event messages | رسمی | |
| 320 | UDP | Precision time protocol general messages | رسمی | |
| 350 | TCP | UDP | MATIP-Type A, Mapping of Airline Traffic over Internet Protocol | رسمی |
| 351 | TCP | UDP | MATIP-Type B, Mapping of Airline Traffic over Internet Protocol | رسمی |
| 366 | TCP | UDP | ODMR, On-Demand Mail Relay | رسمی |
| 369 | TCP | UDP | Rpc2portmap | رسمی |
| 370 | TCP | codaauth2—Coda authentication server | رسمی | |
| 370 | UDP | codaauth2—Coda authentication server | رسمی | |
| 370 | UDP | securecast1—Outgoing packets to NAI’s SecureCast servers As of 2000 | غیر رسمی | |
| 371 | TCP | UDP | ClearCase albd | رسمی |
| 383 | TCP | UDP | HP data alarm manager | رسمی |
| 384 | TCP | UDP | A Remote Network Server System | رسمی |
| 387 | TCP | UDP | AURP, AppleTalk Update-based Routing Protocol | رسمی |
| 389 | TCP | UDP | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) | رسمی |
| 399 | TCP | UDP | Digital Equipment Corporation DECnet (Phase V+) over TCP/IP | رسمی |
| 401 | TCP | UDP | UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply | رسمی |
| 427 | TCP | UDP | Service Location Protocol (SLP) | رسمی |
| 443 | TCP | Hypertext Transfer Protocol over TLS/SSL (HTTPS) | رسمی | |
| 444 | TCP | UDP | SNPP, Simple Network Paging Protocol (RFC 1568) | رسمی |
| 445 | TCP | Microsoft-DS Active Directory, Windows shares | رسمی | |
| 445 | TCP | Microsoft-DS SMB file sharing | رسمی | |
| 464 | TCP | UDP | Kerberos Change/Set password | رسمی |
| 465 | TCP | URL Rendezvous Directory for SSM (Cisco protocol), SMTP over SSL | رسمی | |
| 475 | TCP | UDP | tcpnethaspsrv (Aladdin Knowledge Systems Hasp services, TCP/IP version) | رسمی |
| 491 | TCP | GO-Global remote access and application publishing software | غیر رسمی | |
| 497 | TCP | Dantz Retrospect | رسمی | |
| 500 | UDP | Internet Security Association and Key Management Protocol (ISAKMP) | رسمی | |
| 502 | TCP | UDP | Modbus, Protocol | غیر رسمی |
| 504 | TCP | UDP | Citadel—multiservice protocol for dedicated clients for the Citadel groupware system | رسمی |
| 512 | TCP | Rexec, Remote Process Execution | رسمی | |
| 512 | UDP | comsat, together with biff | رسمی | |
| 513 | TCP | rlogin | رسمی | |
| 513 | UDP | Who | رسمی | |
| 514 | TCP | Shell—used to execute non-interactive commands on a remote system (Remote Shell, rsh, remsh) | رسمی | |
| 514 | UDP | Syslog—used for system logging | رسمی | |
| 515 | TCP | Line Printer Daemon—print service | رسمی | |
| 517 | UDP | Talk | رسمی | |
| 518 | UDP | NTalk | رسمی | |
| 520 | TCP | efs, extended file name server | رسمی | |
| 520 | UDP | Routing Information Protocol (RIP) | رسمی | |
| 521 | UDP | Routing Information Protocol Next Generation (RIPng) | رسمی | |
| 524 | TCP | UDP | NetWare Core Protocol (NCP) is used for a variety things such as access to primary NetWare server resources, Time Synchronization, etc. | رسمی |
| 525 | UDP | Timed, Timeserver | رسمی | |
| 530 | TCP | UDP | RPC | رسمی |
| 531 | TCP | UDP | AOL Instant Messenger | غیر رسمی |
| 532 | TCP | netnews | رسمی | |
| 533 | UDP | netwall, For Emergency Broadcasts | رسمی | |
| 540 | TCP | UUCP (Unix-to-Unix Copy Protocol) | رسمی | |
| 542 | TCP | UDP | commerce (Commerce Applications) | رسمی |
| 543 | TCP | klogin, Kerberos login | رسمی | |
| 544 | TCP | kshell, Kerberos Remote shell | رسمی | |
| 545 | TCP | OSIsoft PI (VMS), OSISoft PI Server Client Access | غیر رسمی | |
| 546 | TCP | UDP | DHCPv6 client | رسمی |
| 547 | TCP | UDP | DHCPv6 server | رسمی |
| 548 | TCP | Apple Filing Protocol (AFP) over TCP | رسمی | |
| 550 | TCP | UDP | new-rwho, new-who | رسمی |
| 554 | TCP | UDP | Real Time Streaming Protocol (RTSP) | رسمی |
| 556 | TCP | Remotefs, RFS, rfs_server | رسمی | |
| 560 | UDP | rmonitor, Remote Monitor | رسمی | |
| 561 | UDP | monitor | رسمی | |
| 563 | TCP | UDP | NNTP protocol over TLS/SSL (NNTPS) | رسمی |
| 587 | TCP | e-mail message submission (SMTP) | رسمی | |
| 591 | TCP | FileMaker 6.0 (and later) Web Sharing (HTTP Alternate, also see port 80) | رسمی | |
| 593 | TCP | UDP | HTTP RPC Ep Map, Remote procedure call over Hypertext Transfer Protocol, often used by Distributed Component Object Model services and Microsoft Exchange Server | رسمی |
| 604 | TCP | TUNNEL profile, a protocol for BEEP peers to form an application layer tunnel | رسمی | |
| 623 | UDP | ASF Remote Management and Control Protocol (ASF-RMCP) | رسمی | |
| 631 | TCP | UDP | Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) | رسمی |
| 631 | TCP | UDP | Common Unix Printing System (CUPS) | غیر رسمی |
| 635 | TCP | UDP | RLZ DBase | رسمی |
| 636 | TCP | UDP | Lightweight Directory Access Protocol over TLS/SSL (LDAPS) | رسمی |
| 639 | TCP | UDP | MSDP, Multicast Source Discovery Protocol | رسمی |
| 641 | TCP | UDP | SupportSoft Nexus Remote Command (control/listening): A proxy gateway connecting remote control traffic | رسمی |
| 646 | TCP | UDP | LDP, Label Distribution Protocol, a routing protocol used in MPLS networks | رسمی |
| 647 | TCP | DHCP Failover protocol | رسمی | |
| 648 | TCP | RRP (Registry Registrar Protocol) | رسمی | |
| 651 | TCP | UDP | IEEE-MMS | رسمی |
| 653 | TCP | UDP | SupportSoft Nexus Remote Command (data): A proxy gateway connecting remote control traffic | رسمی |
| 654 | TCP | Media Management System (MMS) Media Management Protocol (MMP) | رسمی | |
| 657 | TCP | UDP | IBM RMC (Remote monitoring and Control) protocol, used by System p5 AIX Integrated Virtualization Manager (IVM) and Hardware Management Console to connect managed logical partitions (LPAR) to enable dynamic partition reconfiguration | رسمی |
| 660 | TCP | Mac OS X Server administration | رسمی | |
| 666 | TCP | UDP | Doom, first online first-person shooter | رسمی |
| 666 | TCP | airserv-ng, aircrack-ng’s server for remote-controlling wireless devices | غیر رسمی | |
| 674 | TCP | ACAP (Application Configuration Access Protocol) | رسمی | |
| 688 | TCP | UDP | REALM-RUSD (ApplianceWare Server Appliance Management Protocol) | رسمی |
| 691 | TCP | MS Exchange Routing | رسمی | |
| 694 | TCP | UDP | Linux-HA High availability Heartbeat | رسمی |
| 695 | TCP | IEEE-MMS-SSL (IEEE Media Management System over SSL) | رسمی | |
| 698 | UDP | OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing) | رسمی | |
| 700 | TCP | EPP (Extensible Provisioning Protocol), a protocol for communication between domain name registries and registrars (RFC 5734) | رسمی | |
| 701 | TCP | LMP (Link Management Protocol (Internet)), a protocol that runs between a pair of nodes and is used to manage traffic engineering (TE) links | رسمی | |
| 702 | TCP | IRIS (Internet Registry Information Service) over BEEP (Blocks Extensible Exchange Protocol) (RFC 3983) | رسمی | |
| 706 | TCP | Secure Internet Live Conferencing (SILC) | رسمی | |
| 711 | TCP | Cisco Tag Distribution Protocol—being replaced by the MPLS Label Distribution Protocol | رسمی | |
| 712 | TCP | Topology Broadcast based on Reverse-Path Forwarding routing protocol (TBRPF) (RFC 3684) | رسمی | |
| 749 | TCP | UDP | Kerberos (protocol) administration | رسمی |
| 750 | UDP | kerberos-iv, Kerberos version IV | رسمی | |
| 751 | TCP | UDP | kerberos_master, Kerberos authentication | غیر رسمی |
| 752 | UDP | passwd_server, Kerberos Password (kpasswd) server | غیر رسمی | |
| 753 | TCP | Reverse Routing Header (rrh) | رسمی | |
| 753 | UDP | Reverse Routing Header (rrh) | رسمی | |
| 753 | UDP | userreg_server, Kerberos userreg server | غیر رسمی | |
| 754 | TCP | tell send | رسمی | |
| 754 | TCP | krb5_prop, Kerberos v5 slave propagation | غیر رسمی | |
| 754 | UDP | tell send | رسمی | |
| 760 | TCP | UDP | krbupdate [kreg], Kerberos registration | غیر رسمی |
| 782 | TCP | Conserver serial-console management server | غیر رسمی | |
| 783 | TCP | SpamAssassin spamd daemon | غیر رسمی | |
| 800 | UDP | mdbe daemon | رسمی | |
| 808 | TCP | Microsoft Net.TCP Port Sharing Service | رسمی | |
| 829 | TCP | Certificate Management Protocol | غیر رسمی | |
| 843 | TCP | Adobe Flash | غیر رسمی | |
| 847 | TCP | DHCP Failover protocol | رسمی | |
| 848 | TCP | UDP | Group Domain Of Interpretation (GDOI) protocol | رسمی |
| 860 | TCP | iSCSI (RFC 3720) | رسمی | |
| 861 | TCP | UDP | OWAMP control (RFC 4656) | رسمی |
| 862 | TCP | UDP | TWAMP control (RFC 5357) | رسمی |
| 873 | TCP | rsync file synchronization protocol | رسمی | |
| 888 | TCP | cddbp, CD DataBase (CDDB) protocol (CDDBP) | غیر رسمی | |
| 897 | TCP | UDP | Brocade SMI-S RPC | غیر رسمی |
| 898 | TCP | UDP | Brocade SMI-S RPC SSL | غیر رسمی |
| 901 | TCP | Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT) | غیر رسمی | |
| 901 | TCP | UDP | VMware Virtual Infrastructure Client (from managed device to management console) | غیر رسمی |
| 902 | TCP | UDP | ideafarm-door | رسمی |
| 902 | TCP | UDP | VMware Server Console (from management console to managed device) | غیر رسمی |
| 903 | TCP | VMware Remote Console | غیر رسمی | |
| 904 | TCP | VMware Server Alternate (if 902 is in use, i.e. SUSE linux) | غیر رسمی | |
| 911 | TCP | Network Console on Acid (NCA)—local tty redirection over OpenSSH | غیر رسمی | |
| 944 | UDP | Network File System (protocol) Service | غیر رسمی | |
| 953 | TCP | UDP | Domain Name System (DNS) RNDC Service | غیر رسمی |
| 973 | UDP | Network File System (protocol) over IPv6 Service | غیر رسمی | |
| 981 | TCP | SofaWare Technologies Remote HTTPS management for firewall devices running embedded Check Point FireWall-1 software | غیر رسمی | |
| 987 | TCP | Microsoft Corporation Microsoft Windows SBS SharePoint | غیر رسمی | |
| 989 | TCP | UDP | FTPS Protocol (data): FTP over TLS/SSL | رسمی |
| 990 | TCP | UDP | FTPS Protocol (control): FTP over TLS/SSL | رسمی |
| 991 | TCP | UDP | NAS (Netnews Administration System) | رسمی |
| 992 | TCP | UDP | TELNET protocol over TLS/SSL | رسمی |
| 993 | TCP | Internet Message Access Protocol over TLS/SSL (IMAPS) | رسمی | |
| 994 | TCP | UDP | Internet Relay Chat over TLS/SSL (IRCS) | رسمی |
| 995 | TCP | Post Office Protocol 3 over TLS/SSL (POP3S) | رسمی | |
| 999 | TCP | ScimoreDB Database System | غیر رسمی | |
| 1002 | TCP | Opsware agent (aka cogbot) | غیر رسمی | |
| 1010 | TCP | ThinLinc Web Administration | غیر رسمی | |
| 1023 | TCP | UDP | Reserved | رسمی |
پورتهای ثبت شده
محدوده شماره پورت 1024-49151 ثبت شده است. این نوع پورتها برای خدمات خاص وبرای یک نهاد درخواست اختصاص داده شده است و توسط IANA ثبت می شود.ممکن است در اکثر سیستم های کاربران عادی از این پورتها استفاده شده باشد
محدوده 49152–65535 (215+214 to 216−1) بالاتر از پورت های ثبت شده – دارای پورت های پویا و یا خصوصی است ثبت نام این دامنه برای اهداف سفارشی و یا به طور موقت استفاده می شود.